Dysglycemia ⇄ The Twelve Hallmarks

Hallmarks per López-Otín et al., Cell 186(2):243–278 (2023). Each hallmark is mapped in both directions: how glucose flux drives it, and how it feeds back to degrade glucose handling.

Tap any hallmark for its mechanism, the two-way glucose coupling, therapeutic landscape, and connections.

Direct — glucose flux is a primary input or substrate Strong — major driver, chiefly via ROS / AGEs / mTOR Moderate — real but indirect or bidirectional

Tiers per López-Otín et al. (2023): Primary = causes of damage · Antagonistic = responses to damage · Integrative = culprits of the phenotype. Confidential · Page 1 of 1